Customized softwares on PDAs(WinCE and Linux) , embedded Systems , PC and Server for individuals.Price S$800 onwards.

Sharing experiences in developing Embedded Linux Systems

A, How to cross compile?
B, Uisng deifferent GCC 2.95.3,3.3.2.3.4.2, when to use them?
C.Using GUI
D.How to use J2ff, Cramfs and Yaff2 file systems?
E.and more….

PCA PUMPS FROM MICREL

The Rythmic™ range combines all the latest protocol settings to optimize an array of ambulatory care treatments such as PCA, PCEA, chemotherapy, parenteral nutrition, Flolan and antibiotic therapies.Special features: Light and compact. Easy to program. Innovative and unique infusion set. The infusion sets are sealed in special packages - promotes the sanitary conditions and are thereby easier to handle.

(Air elimination filter)

 For more information: http://www.micrelmed.com/interior/rythmic.htm

Truely portable Rythmic Connect PCA pump with GPRS with easy access of pump’s status and information through mobile phoneand Internet.

Features:

-Easy and interactive ways steps to setup protocol

-Peristaltic way of delivery drugs instead of piston (more about that in next articles)

-Back light to view protocol at night

-Internet/GPRS ready

-Sexy and smart device you may want to kiss it.

A syringe driver is a portable, battery operated device for mechanically delivering drugs at a predetermined rate by continuous infusion.

The most common indications for their use include:

• Dysphagia
• Persistent nausea and vomiting
• Ineffective pain relief from oral medications or intolerance to oral medications
• Bowel obstruction
• Malabsorption
• Pain and symptom control during terminal care
• Oncology
• Neo-natal
• Muscule relaxant
• Thalaseemia

Given the above indications, the most commonly used medications are opioid analgesics, anti-emetics such as metoclopramide or haloperidol, sedatives such as clonazepam or midazolam, anti-cholinergics such as hyoscine or buscopan.

Syringe drivers are most often used for subcutaneous medications although they can also be used to give epidural or intrathecal medication.

Site selection
The most common site selection for the subcutaneous cannula is the anterior chest wall, anterior abdominal wall and anterior aspects of thighs or upper arms. Unsuitable sites are areas of ascites or oedema, any site over a bony prominence, or previously irradiated skin (within the last eight weeks).

Before a syringe driver is started, it ideally should be discussed with the patient and the family and carers. Often syringe drivers can be interpreted as a last resort but it needs to be stressed that they are an effective method of administering medications to relieve symptoms and are not only reserved for the last few days of life.

Advantages of syringe drivers:

• Increased patient comfort as there is less need for repeated injections.
• Control of multiple symptoms with a combination of drugs in one syringe.
• Round-the-clock comfort because plasma drug concentrations are maintained without peaks and troughs.
• Patient independence with mobility maintained because the device is lightweight and can be worn in a holster either under or over clothes.
• Generally needs to be refilled once daily, usually by community nursing staff if the patient is at home. This can provide security for the family as the patient is being seen daily.

Disadvantages:

• Fear that it is the last resort.
• Occasional technical problems, eg. the syringe pump battery running out over night, which ideally should be anticipated and a spare battery always in place.
• Less independence than taking oral medications. However families can be trained to draw up medications and maintain syringe drivers at home.
• Confusion and safety issues may arise particularly if staff are required to manage a variety of different brands of syringe drivers.

Types of syringe drivers

 There are generally two types of syringe drivers in use, the Micrel MP100 (blue syringe driver). It has a rate of millimetres per hour. The MP101 (green syringe driver) has a rate of millimetres per day.

For both syringe drivers, the medications are drawn up in the syringe with water for injection to achieve a total of 48 MILLIMETRES against the millimetre scale on the front of the syringe driver. It is important to know that the pump delivers millimetres of travel not millilitres. Therefore, a variety of syringe sizes can be used as long as the syringe is always drawn up to 48 millimetres.
 

Micrel Micropump™ MP-101

The MP-101 micropump is a new generation portable syringe driver for intravenous, intra-arterial, subcutaneous, intramuscular and portal vein infusions. It incorporates the traditional syringe driver design but has greatly improved electronic controls and safety features. It can be used with confidence in any modern drug delivery application, which needs portability or small size. Its flexible-rate options make it suitable for wide variety of drugs and therapies, in many applications requiring adjustable long-term infusion of medication. The MP-101’s low-cost operation, ease of use, simplified programming and operation, ultra low battery consumption, and the convenience of utilizing standard, generic disposable syringes and infusion sets, makes it a first choice for both homecare and hospital treatment.

• Simple rate setting with an LCD display

• Clear identification of alarms detected

• Clinician configurable rate range

• Double microprocessor

• Extremely lightweight and portable

• Two-year warranty

• CE approved

• Compatible with the full range of AMT subcutaneous infusion sets

Features and Benefits
       Wide Range of Applications:

• Pain control therapy

• Chemotherapy in oncology

• Iron chelation treatment in Thalassemia

• Intensive (ICU), coronary (CCU) and neonatal care

• Obstetrics and gynecology

       Versatile and safe:

• Accepts a wide range of syringes sizes from 2.5ml to 50ml

• Can be comfortably worn with belt or shoulder holster

• Configurable rate range to reduce medication errors

• LCD display for clear information on flow rate and the identification of alarms

• Designed with dual micro-controller architecture for maximum safety

• Safe and convenient syringe attachment

• Rate can be locked to one single value if desired. Rate titration/ lock out during infusion (configurable)

• Prime facility (configurable option)

       Reliable audio-visual alarms:

• Warning zones for rates set unusually high or low

• End of travel with the option to silence end of infusion

• Occlusion

• System failure (with auto-diagnostics)

• Automatic self test

• Low battery

• Depleted battery

• Pump tamper alert
• Failure to start pump alert

       Reliable audio-visual alarms:

• Infusion period range: 30 minutes— 63 hours

• Flow Rate1: to 99mm/hr (1 mm increments)

• Dimensions: 165 x 40 x 23 mm (6.5 x 1.5 x .9 inches)
• Weight: 7 oz / 190g including 6 Alkaline LR03 AAA 1.5 volt batteries
• Battery life: 2-3months or more than 70 full infusions at intermediate flow rate
• Flow rate: 1 to 99mm/hr (user configurable) (1 mm increment)
• Displacement speed accuracy: ±2%

Useful information
The syringe driver should not be placed higher than the infusion site as gravity may contribute to increasing the infusion rate.

The start or boost button on the syringe driver is not to be used to give bolus medication. It is ineffectual for that purpose and is only used as a test mechanism to make sure that the syringe driver is functioning.

If patients need breakthrough analgesia, than this is usually given as a separate subcutaneous injection. The dose is one sixth of the total 24 hour dose.

The site must be changed if there is redness, swelling, tenderness or leakage.

If a patient’s symptoms are becoming uncontrolled, it is always advisable to check the subcutaneous site. An inflamed or oedematous site will impede drug absorption.

The latest practise in most hospital is that all syringe drivers used in inpatient settings are required to be in locked boxes. Of course this is not practical at home but the locked boxes do give additional protection should the driver be inadvertently dropped.

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Since 1995, Healthier YOU has offered a large selection of natural health products based on our customer’s specific needs. All Healthier YOU supplements effectively combine the tried and true from Mother Nature with the very latest breakthroughs and advancements in nutritional science. We are manufacturers, not distributors of someone else’s products. All products are backed by a 90-day money-back-guarantee, all orders are shipped within 48 hours, both in the USA and internationally, and we are a member of the Better Business Bureau

 by: Dr Graeme Teague

When you first suffer back pain, are you one of those people who wait to see how things go? Are you someone who lives in hope that your back pain will miraculously disappear overnight? Don’t worry you are in good company as the majority of back pain sufferers do the same.

It is a common thing to do, because most back pain will settle by itself within a few weeks. But what if it doesn’t?

Are there things you can do to make sure it disappears within a few days or even possibly within a few hours? After all who wants to wait and hope that your back pain will disappear after a few weeks anyway?

So what can you do?

One of the simplest things is to use ice. Yes plain cold ice. If you use ice in the first 48 hours most back pain will ease and disappear within that time, and sometimes within the day.

Now please remember, if you have had a fall or major injury, use ice - but use it on the way to see your doctor or hospital. It is still essential to be checked over, if you have had an injury that has led to back pain.

But let’s assume it is a minor injury, you have spent too much time in the garden, lifted one too many pieces of wood, work too hard or something similar…

As soon as your back pain occurs, put ice on it. Ice works as an anti-inflammatory and pain reliever. Most back pain initially loves ice. It will help it heal and remove pain quicker than anything else.

What you need to do is this…

Put ice on the area of pain; leave it on for ten minutes only. Then place heat on the area, again for ten minutes only. Then repeat this process and finally finish with ice for another ten minutes.

After 48 hours then finish with heat, as heat improves the blood supply and eases muscle tension. Most times you will not need to do this as your pain would have disappeared.

If you apply the ice/heat treatment every few hours, then within the day the majority of back pain will disappear. Even if it is a minor back pain issue, still use ice. It is people like you and me, who wait a few hours or days to “see how things go” who end up having pain for weeks.

Early intervention is the best approach for all back pain. Using ice is one simple technique you can use that can limit the time you spend in back pain.

This does not mean the process ends there. What you now need to do is learn ways to prevent your back pain occurring. Most back pain occurs not from large falls or injuries. It arrives after doing normal common everyday activities. Activities you have done a hundred times before. Yet today your back pain arrives.

For this to happen it means tension and stress on your muscles and joints has increased over days, weeks or months. Today is the day an overload occurs and back pain happens. Sure ice will ease your back pain now, but you need to learn simple and highly effective ways to remove and prevent back pain… permanently.

 by: Richard Syner

Do you have a spring in your step while playing a round of golf or do you feel completely exhausted by the 15th hole? Sometimes you may feel out of breath just walking to your next shot.

Hours of sitting at computers, driving to work and then watching TV at home, all lead to being less physically fit, posture-related aches and pains and a general feeling of sluggishness. Then you get to the golf course and wonder why you simply just don’t have the energy to complete a nice round of golf.

Golf is no different than any other sport. You need to be physcially fit to perform at your best. This is even more important if your a recreational golfer since you really don’t have time to practice.

One of the most natural forms of exercise is walking. Walking is an aerobic exercise that will not only increase your cardiovascular strength, but is good for the bones and improves your posture as well. I would like to introduce you to power walking and list some of the benefits it has on your golf game.

Power Walking

This is a form of aerobic exercise consisting of rapid walking accompanied by vigorous, controlled swinging of the arms. Simply put, it is an exaggerated walking style that has more health benefits than just a casual stroll.

You want to get your power walking speed up to 4.0 to 4.5 mph for optimal calorie burning. However, if you are just starting out you may want to go at a slower pace and gradually pick up the pace over a few weeks time.

Power Walking Benefits

1. Cardiovascular fitness is improved thus giving you more endurance to complete a full round of golf, not to mention reducing the risk of coronary disease and strokes.

2. Mental well-being is improved resulting in a reduction in anxiety, stress and tension allowing you to relax and focus on the golf course.

3. Muscles are toned and strengthened allowing you to better handle the physical demands of the golf swing.

4. Helps to reduce body fat and manage your body weight therefore improving your golf physic.

5. Boosts energy so you don’t tire as easily going form shot to shot.

The above are just a few of the physical and mental benefits to be gained from power walking for golf. It is a low cost form of exercise. No special clothes or equipment are necessary except a good pair of walking shoes.

Although any form of walking is beneficial, power walking is extremely helpful with golf performance, both mentally and physically. So grab your walking shoes and power walk yourself to a better golf game!

As always consult your doctor before starting your power walking program.

 by: Frederic Madore

Do you have a major snoring problem? Have you tried every home remedy on the market, followed every old friends advice, family secrets or any other possible way to end this never ending nightmare? Well if this is your case let me surprise you. Have you tried your dentist? Did you know that it’s quite possible that your snoring problem is due to your jaw placement rather than some loose tissue or an enlarged uvula?

Orthodontics Anti-Snoring Appliances Can be Created For You By Your dentist

If your snoring problem is related to your jaw, than you should know that orthodontic anti-snoring appliance are very popular and effective to get rid of your snoring problem. You see snoring is often due to then soft tissues in your throat falling into the back of the throat, thus blocking the airways. This is exactly to prevent such thing that orthodontic anti-snoring appliances have been created. They bring the lower jaw forward and lift the soft palate to prevent it from falling back. Unfortunately this kind of device, created by your dentist, can be quite expensive.

The good news is that there is an alternative for those who don’t have the money for such a “personal device”. There is an inexpensive version of the “oral splint” that is often called the “boil and bite” because it is exactly how you fit it in you jaw. The less expensive orthodontic anti-snoring appliance are made of soft plastic which soften in hot water. In order to make it fit your jaw you just need to place the oral splint into hot water for a while and then bit into the mouthpiece to mold it to your jaw. Buying this inexpensive device is a very good way to find out if this device can help you stop snoring, if it does, you should consider having one made just for you by your dentist.

The Orthodontics Anti-Snoring Appliance – An Effective Snoring Solution

So far the studies done on the use of orthodontics anti-snoring appliance demonstrate very good results. They have been used successfully on many users to help them get rid of their snoring problem. On the other hand theses studies also reported a small number of mild side effects such as:

* dry mouth
* tooth discomfort
* excessive salivation

Keep in mind that the complaints for these were few and must of course be counter weighed with the idea of restful sleep. If you would like to try this brand new method to help you stop snoring you should contact your dentist. On top of that make sure you see him each year to make sure you are not suffering from long term damage or dental work.

 by: Lynn Kennedy-Baxter, RN, MA

Are you having difficulty getting started with exercise? Your best excuse immediately pops into your mind to interfere with your good intentions. Jumpstart your exercise with some ideas and strategies that will give you energy, overcome your resistance and make it easier for you to get started.

First, call it what it is - an excuse. An excuse to pass on exercise is a justification to avoid doing what you know is good for you. You make avoiding exercise appear more acceptable or less unpleasant in your mind. You tell yourself you don’t have enough time and you believe yourself! Because you believe it is a fact, you decide that it is OK not to exercise. Then you don’t feel too guilty about skipping exercise.

You know you don’t have time to exercise, but put on your exercise clothes and shoes anyway to counteract your excuse. That will help you to stop believing that you don’t have enough time. Decide that you must find the time to exercise. Decide to make time. Then get practical, look at your day timer or PDA and schedule exercise as you would any other important task in your life.

While you are doing these first two steps, it is imperative for you to remember that if you keep on doing the same thing, you will keep on getting the same results. In this case if you keep on pushing exercise to the bottom of the priority list, you will continue to live with a body that is sluggish, overweight and/or has health problems.

Jumpstart your energy level with some energetic breathing, now that you are prepared. Yes, you breathe all the time, but it is ineffective, shallow breathing that doesn’t get you much oxygen. You need more oxygen, because more oxygen equals more energy.

Do this little exercise as you read this article. Rate your energy level right now on a scale of zero to 10. Make a note of the number. Is it 4 or 5? Maybe 3? If you are feeling rather energetic, you might rate yourself higher.

Now breathe deep into your belly with abdominal breathing. Pull the air way down by expanding your abdomen. Don’t lift your shoulders. Make each inhalation equal in time to the exhalation, so you don’t get dizzy. When you start, count one thousand, two thousand, and etc. to make the inhalation equal to the exhalation.

Breathe this way for three minutes. Time yourself so you learn how this really works. If your diaphragm muscle is weak, this may be hard, but stick with it. Just go slowly and do another minute.

Now, rate your energy level again. It is probably 1 to 3 points higher on the scale than it was before you did abdominal breathing. Do this exercise any time you want more energy and especially before you want to exercise. It sends instant energy to your muscles where you need it. More energy translates into more motivation to exercise, so it is easier to overcome your excuses.

Last of all - just start doing something for 5 minutes. Move. Get the exercise juices flowing. Walk around your house. Walk up and down some stairs. Stretch your body over an exercise ball. Grab the dog and start walking. Put some fast music on the stereo. Dance. Jump in the car and go to the nearest park.

It feels really good. Your muscles have been crying out for some action and you have been ignoring them. Move. It only takes a little bit to start to feel good.

Jump start your exercise today by naming your excuse, so you immediately have more command it. Counteract it with a specific plan. Remember that you must do something different to get different results. Start by breathing deeply into your belly for more energy, put on your exercise clothes and get moving.